Ambiguous roles of innate lymphoid cells in chronic development of liver diseases

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG
Yue ShenWei Jiang

Abstract

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are defined as a distinct arm of innate immunity. According to their profile of secreted cytokines and lineage-specific transcriptional factors, ILCs can be categorized into the following three groups: group 1 ILCs (including natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s) are dependent on T-bet and can produce interferon-γ; group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are dependent on GATA3 and can produce type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13; and, group 3 ILCs (including lymphoid tissue-like cells and ILC3s) are dependent on RORγt and can produce IL-22 and IL-17. Collaborative with adaptive immunity, ILCs are highly reactive innate effectors that promptly orchestrate immunity, inflammation and tissue repair. Dysregulation of ILCs might result in inflammatory disorders. Evidence regarding the function of intrahepatic ILCs is emerging from longitudinal studies of inflammatory liver diseases wherein they exert both physiological and pathological functions, including immune homeostasis, defenses and surveillance. Their overall effect on the liver depends on the balance of their proinflammatory and antiinflammatory populations, specific microenvironment and stages of immune responses. Here, we review the current data...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2019·Viral Immunology·Mohammad IrshadKhushboo Irshad
Jan 8, 2020·Transplant International : Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation·Elena Gómez-MassaEstela Paz-Artal
Nov 4, 2020·Cancers·Aintzane ApraizBeatriz Arteta
Apr 18, 2021·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Ola AhmedCliona O'Farrelly

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