Ameliorative effects of PACAP against cartilage degeneration. Morphological, immunohistochemical and biochemical evidence from in vivo and in vitro models of rat osteoarthritis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
S GiuntaG Musumeci

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA); the most common form of degenerative joint disease, is associated with variations in pro-inflammatory growth factor levels, inflammation and hypocellularity resulting from chondrocyte apoptosis. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide endowed with a range of trophic effects in several cell types; including chondrocytes. However; its role in OA has not been studied. To address this issue, we investigated whether PACAP expression is affected in OA cartilage obtained from experimentally-induced OA rat models, and then studied the effects of PACAP in isolated chondrocytes exposed to IL-1β in vitro to mimic the inflammatory milieu of OA cartilage. OA induction was established by histomorphometric and histochemical analyses. Changes in PACAP distribution in cartilage, or its concentration in synovial fluid (SF), were assessed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results showed that PACAP abundance in cartilage tissue and SF was high in healthy controls. OA induction decreased PACAP levels both in affected cartilage and SF. In vitro, PACAP prevented IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, as determined by MTT assay; Hoechst staining and western blots of apoptotic-related proteins. T...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 4, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Giuseppe MusumeciAli Mobasheri
Mar 19, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Giuseppe MusumeciAli Mobasheri
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
light microscopy
fluorescence microscopy
Assay

Software Mentioned

Image J
ImageQuantTL
OARSI
MANKIN
SPSS
Kontron KS 300
AxioVision

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