Amino acids as precursors of trihalomethane and haloacetic acid formation during chlorination

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
H C HongYan Liang

Abstract

Twenty amino acids were chlorinated and examined for the formation of trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA). The amino acids exhibited a high Cl(2) demand (3.4-10 mg Cl(2) mg(-1) C) but low THM formation (<4.19 microg mg(-1) C) except for tryptophan and tyrosine (45.8 - 147 microg mg(-1) C). Large variation in HAA yield occurred among the amino acids (from not detectable to 106 microg mg(-1) C). One group of amino acids, possessing chain structures, exhibited a slow increase in HAA formation (<6.2 micromol mol(-1) amino acid or <11.3 microg mg(-1) C) as the chlorine demand increased (3.4-8.9 mol Cl(2) mol(-1) amino acids). The other group of amino acids, containing ring structures (including tryptophan, tyrosine, histidine, phenylalanine, and proline) and two amino acids with chain structures (aspartic acid and asparagine), showed a fast increase in HAA formation (16-96 micromol mol(-1) amino acid or 27-106 microg mg(-1) C) with the increase in chlorine demand (5.2-15.9 mol Cl(2) mol(-1) amino acid). The ratios of TCAA to DCAA (mol/mol), derived from the amino acids, ranged between 0.01 and 1.10.

References

Jan 11, 2002·Environmental Science & Technology·J D Plummer, J K Edzwald
Feb 26, 2003·Water Research·Martina M Donnermair, Ernest R Blatchley
Jun 28, 2005·Water Research·Ingrid FreuzeJacques Cavard
Jun 10, 2006·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Vorapot KanokkantapongPrasert Pavasant
Mar 1, 1983·Environmental Science & Technology·J W Miller, P C Uden
Dec 1, 1980·Environmental Science & Technology·B G Oliver, D B Shindler

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 1, 2011·SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research·G B Luilo, S E Cabaniss
Feb 11, 2014·Water Research·Shakhawat ChowdhuryTanju Karanfil
Jul 13, 2014·Water Research·Guanghui HuaDavid A Reckhow
Apr 19, 2011·Water Research·Rupa LamsalGraham A Gagnon
Dec 31, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Liwen YingLuming Ma
Oct 26, 2016·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Yangyang ChangJiuhui Qu
Mar 16, 2017·Environmental Science & Technology·Zuo Tong HowCynthia A Joll
May 17, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Eric C Wert, Fernando L Rosario-Ortiz
Aug 27, 2011·Journal of Environmental Quality·Alex T ChowPo-Keung Wong
Aug 5, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Zhigang LiuZhen Wan
Dec 13, 2018·Journal of Water and Health·Huma IlyasJan Peter van der Hoek
Sep 12, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Fangyuan PengZhaoguang Yang
Jan 26, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Jong Kwon ChoeWilliam A Mitch
May 11, 2021·Chemosphere·Lingxiao FuWeijun Gao
Mar 17, 2010·Environmental Science & Technology·Gebhard B Luilo, Stephen E Cabaniss

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.