Ammonia sanitization of blackwater for safe use as fertilizer

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
Jørgen FidjelandB Vinnerås

Abstract

Source-separated blackwater from low-flush toilets contains plant-available nutrients and can be used as a fertilizer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact on pathogen inactivation when treating blackwater with urea and/or lime. Blackwater was spiked with Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157, Enterococcus faecalis, and Ascaris suum eggs, and treated with urea and/or lime in concentrations up to 0.1% w/w. The bottles were kept in a storage facility (manure slurry tank) for 102 days while monitoring the pathogen concentrations. The treatment time needed to meet the requirement for Salmonella and E. coli reduction could be reduced at least six-fold. The enterococci were more persistent, and only the highest treatment doses had a significantly higher inactivation than the controls. The Ascaris egg viability was only reduced by around 50%, so higher urea/lime doses and/or longer treatment times are required to fulfill the treatment requirements of 3 log10 reductions of parasite eggs.

References

Jun 27, 2001·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·S ArakiF Rojo-Vazquez
Jul 7, 1962·Nature·K S WARREN
Apr 17, 2004·Water Research·Leena SahlströmAnn Albihn
Dec 9, 2008·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Annika NordinBjörn Vinnerås
May 12, 2009·Journal of Applied Microbiology·A NordinB Vinnerås
Aug 15, 2013·Water Research·Jørgen FidjelandBjörn Vinnerås
Apr 1, 2012·Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]·Elayse M HachichMaria Inês Z Sato

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 18, 2015·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Annika C Nordin, Björn Vinnerås

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Ascariasis (ASM)

Ascariasis is a helminthic infection of global distribution with more than 1.4 billion persons infected throughout the world. Here is the latest research.

Ascariasis

Ascariasis is a helminthic infection of global distribution with more than 1.4 billion persons infected throughout the world. Here is the latest research.

Related Papers

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
Jørgen FidjelandB Vinnerås
American Journal of Infection Control
Somsri Wiwanitkit, Viroj Wiwanitkit
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved