An assessment of false positive rates for malaria rapid diagnostic tests caused by non-Plasmodium infectious agents and immunological factors

PloS One
Michelle L GattonIveth J González

Abstract

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can produce false positive (FP) results in patients with human African trypanosomiasis and rheumatoid factor (RF), but specificity against other infectious agents and immunological factors is largely unknown. Low diagnostic specificity caused by cross-reactivity may lead to over-estimates of the number of malaria cases and over-use of antimalarial drugs, at the cost of not diagnosing and treating the true underlying condition. Data from the WHO Malaria RDT Product Testing Programme was analysed to assess FP rates of 221 RDTs against four infectious agents (Chagas, dengue, Leishmaniasis and Schistosomiasis) and four immunological factors (anti-nuclear antibody, human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA), RF and rapid plasma regain). Only RDTs with a FP rate against clean negative samples less than 10% were included. Paired t-tests were used to compare product-specific FP rates on clean negative samples and samples containing non-Plasmodium infectious agents and immunological factors. Forty (18%) RDTs showed no FP results against any tested infectious agent or immunological factor. In the remaining RDTs significant and clinically relevant increases in FP rates were observed for samples containing HAMA ...Continue Reading

References

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Jul 10, 2014·BMC Infectious Diseases·Bonnie MeatherallDylan R Pillai
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Citations

Jul 10, 2019·The Korean Journal of Parasitology·Yousry HawashWalaa Alsanie
Sep 25, 2020·Malaria Journal·André Barembaye SagnaCristian Koepfli
Nov 5, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Ridhi AgarwalYemisi Takwoingi
Nov 23, 2021·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Chung-Ho LeePak-Leung Ho
Dec 2, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·George O AdjeiJ A L Kurtzhals

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