PMID: 12787822Jun 6, 2003Paper

An assessment of the genotoxicity of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, the natural dye ingredient of Henna

Mutation Research
D J Kirkland, Daniel Marzin

Abstract

2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HNQ; Lawsone; CAS 83-72-7) is the principal natural dye ingredient contained in the leaves of Henna (Lawsonia inermis). Published genotoxicity studies on HNQ suggested it was a weak bacterial mutagen for Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 or was more clearly mutagenic for strain TA 2637, both in the presence of metabolic activation. HNQ was unable to induce sex-linked recessive lethal mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. However, a small increase in micronucleus frequency was reported in the bone marrow of mice at a single mid-range dose level, 24h after intraperitoneal injection. In view of the wide use of Henna hair dyes it was deemed necessary to conduct a thorough investigation, under Good Laboratory Practice conditions, of the genotoxicity of HNQ. HNQ was non-mutagenic in bacterial (Ames test) or mammalian (V79 hprt) assays. It was borderline positive in a mouse lymphoma tk mutation assay and a chromosome aberration test (CHO cells), results that may reflect a similar clastogenic mechanism. Negative in vivo genotoxicity results were noted in the rat hepatocyte in vivo/in vitro UDS test, in peripheral lymphocytes (chromosome aberrations) of rats receiving repeated oral doses of HNQ at the MTD ...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1979·Mutation Research·J StambergY Koltin
Jul 1, 1992·Mutation Research·P VanparysR Marsboom
Nov 1, 1991·Mutation Research·O HiraiH Noguchi
Jan 1, 1989·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis·Y SuzukiH Shimizu
Sep 1, 1965·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·V DiStefano, J J Klahn
Jun 1, 1994·Mutation Research·D GatehouseS Venitt
Jun 1, 1994·Mutation Research·C S AaronE Thompson
Jun 1, 1994·Mutation Research·M HayashiH Shimada

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 17, 2004·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Gerhard J NohynekHerve Toutain
Mar 2, 2006·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Douglas L Weed
Mar 17, 2015·Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·Judith N AlawaClement B Alawa
Jul 31, 2013·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Masahiko NakanoBarry Lynch
May 26, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Amal NawasrahAiman A Ali
Apr 28, 2007·Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology·Margaret E K KraelingConnie T Jung
Dec 6, 2005·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Eun J Yoo, Byung M Lee
Nov 17, 2007·Journal of Separation Science·Nagwa S El-ShaerYousry M Gohar
Jul 12, 2008·Phytochemical Analysis : PCA·Francesca Romana GalloElena Federici
May 30, 2006·American Journal of Epidemiology·Silvia de SanjoséPaul Brennan
Apr 25, 2007·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Kyung Hwan Lee, Byung Mu Lee
Oct 1, 2008·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Nighat SultanaAmbrin Khan
Sep 20, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Aušra Nemeikaitė-ČėnienėNarimantas Čėnas
Jul 21, 2020·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Semini K Nawalage, Asoka Pathiratne

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.