An attenuated virus vaccine appears safe to the central nervous system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after intranasal delivery

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
Erin T LarragoiteI Salinas

Abstract

Nasal vaccines are very effective but the olfactory organ provides direct access of antigens to the brain. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is known to cause high mortalities in salmonids. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of a live attenuated IHNV nasal (I.N) vaccine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In the olfactory organ, the vaccine was detected 1 and 4 days after primary I.N vaccination but not in the intramuscular (i.m) or control groups. In the brain, IHNV was detected by RT-qPCR 4 and 21 days after i.m primary vaccination. One i.m and one I.N vaccinated trout were positive at days 4 and 28 days post-boost, respectively. Presence of IHNV in the brain of i.m vaccinated fish correlated with moderate increases in IL-1β and TNF-α expression in this tissue. These results demonstrate that IHNV vaccine lasts for 4 days in the local nasal environment and that nasal vaccination appears to be safe to the CNS of rainbow trout.

References

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Oct 23, 2014·Nature Communications·Luca TacchiIrene Salinas

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Citations

Mar 21, 2016·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·David ParraJ Oriol Sunyer
Oct 25, 2017·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Ali SepahiIrene Salinas
Aug 16, 2019·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Susana MagadanIrene Salinas
Jun 5, 2020·Fish & Shellfish Immunology·Pankoj Kumar Das, Irene Salinas
Dec 5, 2018·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Elisa Casadei, Irene Salinas

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