An ecological study of tuberculosis transmission in California

American Journal of Public Health
Ward P MyersLee W Riley

Abstract

We evaluated the association between ecological factors and rates of tuberculosis within California, using pediatric tuberculosis as an indicator of new transmission. Ecological variables such as racial/ethnic distribution, immigration level, education, employment, poverty, and crowding were obtained from the United States Census for each census tract in California. These data were incorporated into a negative binomial regression model with the rate of pediatric tuberculosis disease in each census tract as an outcome variable. Disease rates were obtained by geocoding reported cases. Subsections of the state (San Francisco and Los Angeles) were examined independently. Census tracts with lower median incomes, more racial/ethnic minorities, and more immigrants had higher rates of pediatric tuberculosis. Other frequently cited risk factors such as overcrowding and unemployment were not associated with increased disease after adjusting for other measures. Risks were comparable across regions, but subtle differences were noted. The techniques used in this work provide a way to examine a disease within its social context. The results confirmed that tuberculosis in California continues to be a disease of poverty and racial/ethnic minor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 27, 2013·Archives of public health = Archives belges de santé publique·Joshua Amo-Adjei, Kofi Awusabo-Asare
Jan 31, 2015·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Wenyi SunYang Zhou
Apr 22, 2014·American Journal of Preventive Medicine·David ScalesMartin S Cetron
Jan 1, 2011·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·John Hart
Dec 18, 2015·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·John Hart
Feb 23, 2017·Revista de saúde pública·Alexandre San PedroRosely Magalhães de Oliveira
Mar 17, 2016·Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology·Natália Sperli Geraldes Marin dos Santos SasakiFrancisco Chiaravalloti-Neto
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Jan 18, 2018·Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicaça̋o oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia·Marcelo Fouad RabahiMarcus Barreto Conde
Apr 19, 2017·PloS One·Daniele Maria Pelissari, Fredi Alexander Diaz-Quijano
Jan 1, 2018·Current Epidemiology Reports·Grace A NoppertJon Zelner
May 10, 2019·BMC Pulmonary Medicine·Alessandra Isabel ZilleMarcus Barreto Conde

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