An effective HIV vaccine: A combination of humoral and cellular immunity?

Current HIV Research
Sihame BenmiraMatthias L Schmid

Abstract

The development of a safe and effective HIV vaccine remains the best hope to control the global HIV epidemic. So far, the different strategies tried for vaccine development have led to disappointing results. The first attempted strategy involved trying to raise neutralizing antibodies to inactivate the virus and prevent infection. Both of Vaxgen's VAX004 and VAX003 phase 3 trials made use of this approach but ultimately failed. Given the difficulties encountered, the focus then shifted to the cell mediated arm of the immune system, the T lymphocytes. However, the phase 2 STEP study, which was aimed to stimulate cell-mediated immunity, was halted in 2007 because it failed to prevent infection and there was an increased incidence of HIV infection in vaccinated individuals. Many researchers now believe that vaccine candidates need to induce both sustained broadly neutralizing antibodies and a strong cell-mediated response. Therefore, attention is now focused on the prime-boost approach: a DNA or vector vaccine to elicit cytotoxic T cells that destroy infected cells followed by a subunit vaccine to induce neutralizing antibodies. RV144, the largest ever HIV vaccine trial, used a prime-boost combination vaccine, which was shown to b...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 8, 2013·The New England Journal of Medicine·Gary J Nabel
Sep 10, 2014·Viruses·Iskra Tuero, Marjorie Robert-Guroff
Oct 8, 2014·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·Paul Goepfert, Anju Bansal
Jun 21, 2013·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Hong-Van TieuMagdalena E Sobieszczyk
Sep 18, 2012·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·Derrick LouzRob C Hoeben
Feb 18, 2011·Journal of Immunological Methods·Lenine J LiebenbergJo-Ann S Passmore
Mar 12, 2019·Current Pharmaceutical Design·Yasamin A JodatSu R Shin
Sep 21, 2011·Immunology and Cell Biology·Jose M Martinez-NavioRafael Franco
Jun 19, 2012·AIDS·Kevin O SaundersGary J Nabel

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