An electrophysiological analysis of sleep and respiration of rats breathing different gas mixtures: diaphragmatic muscle function

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
D MegirianJ H Sherrey

Abstract

The effects of breathing 21% O2, 21% O2 + 5% CO2, 10% O2 + 4% CO2 and 10% O2 on the sleep-waking rhythm, respiratory rate, diaphragmatic EMG, inspiratory (Ti) and expiratory (Te) times were studied in rats. They carried chronically implanted electrodes to permit polygraphic recordings of the ECoG, EOG and dorsal neck and integrated diaphragmatic EMG activity. Average respiratory rates, independent of state of consciousness varied depending on the gas mixture breathed. Sleep-waking times, expressed as percentages, were determined as a function of the gas mixture breathed. Oxygen deficiency caused PS deprivation which was partially alleviated by the addition of 4% CO2. Diaphragmatic EMG activity decreased during PS when rats breathed gas mixtures rich in CO2 but increased when they breathed 10% O2. In general, at a given frequency of breathing, Ti was shorter during PS than during SWS except when rats breathed 10% O2. It is concluded that: (1) regardless of the state of consciousness hypoxia is a more potent stimulus of respiratory rate than hypercapnia, (2) diaphragmatic effort is reduced when rats breathe CO2 enriched gas mixtures but is increased by hypoxia due to changes in upper airway resistance, and (3) low O2 content of a...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Feb 1, 1984·Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology·R HardingG D Thorburn
Aug 8, 1998·Respiration Physiology·J D HunterW K Milsom
Apr 29, 1982·The New England Journal of Medicine·D C Shannon, D H Kelly
Jan 26, 2002·High Altitude Medicine & Biology·I A BarashJ B West
Apr 10, 2012·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Andrew T LoveringJohn M Orem
May 19, 2010·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Joshua O StreamColin K Grissom
May 17, 2014·Journal of Applied Physiology·A Navarrete-Opazo, G S Mitchell
Feb 6, 1998·Journal of Applied Physiology·D MegirianG A Farkas
Apr 30, 2003·Journal of Applied Physiology·Andrew T LoveringJohn M Orem
Jul 14, 2007·Journal of Applied Physiology·Charles DuvareilleJean-Paul Praud

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