An emerging role of Prevotella histicola on estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss through the gut microbiota-bone axis in postmenopausal women and in ovariectomized mice.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Zhongxiang WangLei Chen

Abstract

The gut microbiota (GM)-bone axis has emerged as a crucial mediator of bone homeostasis. Estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss is closely associated with an altered GM. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We sought to explore the putative effects of GM on estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and determine a potential mechanism. Fecal samples collected from postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (PMO) and with normal bone mass (PMN) were examined by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and analysis. Prevotella histicola, a typical species of Prevotella, was orally given to female C57BL6/J mice after ovariectomy [ovariectomized (OVX)]. The primary outcomes were changes in bone microstructures as measured by micro-computed tomography scanning and bone histomorphometry analysis. Secondary outcomes included changes in osteoclast activity, the expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines, and gut permeability, which were measured by ELISA, qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. As demonstrated through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis, the GM in the PMO group featured a significantly decreased proportion of the genus Prevotella in comparison with that in the PMN group (∼60%, P < 0.05). In animal experiment...Continue Reading

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