An evaluation of the capacity of differently prepared demineralised bone matrices (DBM) and toxic residuals of ethylene oxide (EtOx) to provoke an inflammatory response in vitro

Biomaterials
R J LomasJ N Kearney

Abstract

Demineralised bone matrix (DBM) is a form of allogeneic tissue graft widely used in oral and maxillofacial procedures. There is a long history of controversy relating to the suitability of ethylene oxide gas (EtOx) as a terminal sterilisation agent for this graft, relating to its effects on the clinical performance of the grafts. Furthermore, the generation of a toxic residual chemical (ethylene chlorohydrin, ECl) during the ethylene oxide sterilisation of patellar tendon allografts has been implicated in the failure of these grafts owing to the induction of a localised inflammatory response. In this study we have investigated the capacity of a range of different DBM preparations, and ECl dilutions, to induce the production of three pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs). The levels of EtOx and ECl in EtOx terminally sterilised DBM and mineralised bone grafts were measured by gas chromatography. It was found that the only factor capable of rendering DBM pro-inflammatory was the presence of small (<20 micrometre diameter) DBM particles. No other processing or sterilisation technique resulte...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 6, 2007·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Jeffrey C WangJay R Lieberman
Jul 11, 2006·Cell and Tissue Banking·John N Kearney
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Jul 30, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Guowei ZengKai-Hong Wu

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