An expanded regulatory network temporally controls Candida albicans biofilm formation

Molecular Microbiology
Emily P FoxAlexander D Johnson

Abstract

Candida albicans biofilms are composed of highly adherent and densely arranged cells with properties distinct from those of free-floating (planktonic) cells. These biofilms are a significant medical problem because they commonly form on implanted medical devices, are drug resistant and are difficult to remove. C. albicans biofilms are not static structures; rather they are dynamic and develop over time. Here we characterize gene expression in biofilms during their development, and by comparing them to multiple planktonic reference states, we identify patterns of gene expression relevant to biofilm formation. In particular, we document time-dependent changes in genes involved in adhesion and metabolism, both of which are at the core of biofilm development. Additionally, we identify three new regulators of biofilm formation, Flo8, Gal4, and Rfx2, which play distinct roles during biofilm development over time. Flo8 is required for biofilm formation at all time points, and Gal4 and Rfx2 are needed for proper biofilm formation at intermediate time points.

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Citations

Jun 1, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jawad MerhejFrédéric Devaux
Oct 22, 2015·Annual Review of Microbiology·Clarissa J Nobile, Alexander D Johnson
Feb 18, 2017·Nature Microbiology·George KritikosAthanasios Typas
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Jan 23, 2020·Journal of Fungi·Taissa VilaMary Ann Jabra-Rizk

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE61143

Methods Mentioned

BETA
immunoprecipitation
PCR

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
LOWESS

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