Abstract
Bacteria are an important cause of acute otitis media and successful treatment depends on achieving inhibitory or bacteriacidal antimicrobial drug concentrations in the middle ear. To evaluate further otitis media treatment success and failure, we developed a chinchilla model to study antimicrobial drug penetration through the middle ear mucosa. Using quantitative histomorphometry, we measured the middle ear space in 10 chinchillas and found a mean +/- SD volume of 2.09 +/- 0.08 ml and a mean +/- SD surface area of 14.41 +/- 1.48 cm2. To measure the apparent rate constant (Kc) of antibiotic elimination from the middle ear, through the middle ear mucosa, an antibiotic solution was inoculated into the middle ear cavity, and samples were aspirated between 1 and 8 hr later. In normal ears, the mean Kc +/- SD for amoxicillin was 0.118 +/- 0.013 hr-1, that for a trimethoprim 0.461 +/- 0.090 hr-1, and that for sulfamethoxazole 0.265 +/- 0.062 hr-1. In ears inoculated with type 7F Streptococcus pneumoniae to induce acute otitis media, the Kc +/- SD increased for all three drugs (P less than 0.05): amoxicilin to 0.286 +/- 0.089 hr-1, trimethoprim to 0.662 +/- 0.118 hr-1, and sulfamethoxazole to 0.411 +/- 0.056 hr-1. These values demonst...Continue Reading
Citations
Sep 1, 1995·Audiology : Official Organ of the International Society of Audiology·R H MargolisC Sutherland
Jul 25, 2009·Expert Review of Vaccines·Lauren O Bakaletz
May 10, 2017·Royal Society Open Science·Emmeli MikkelsenMichael Pedersen
Jul 3, 2013·The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology·Alan W JohnsonJizhen Lin
May 20, 1999·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·G S Giebink
Nov 13, 2019·Nucleic Acids Research·Jennifer R SmithMary E Shimoyama
Jul 1, 1995·Acta Oto-laryngologica·Y G MinS Y Jeong
Apr 6, 2006·The AAPS Journal·Belinda W Y CheungRonald J Sawchuk
Nov 25, 2005·Pharmacotherapy·Ronald J SawchukLinda L Cartier
May 14, 2016·Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation·Mary ShimoyamaJoseph E Kerschner
Oct 10, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Yue HuangRonald J Sawchuk
Dec 18, 2001·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Y HuangR J Sawchuk
Aug 11, 1993·Journal of Chromatography·M LovdahlD M Canafax