An Exploration of Syndemic Factors That Influence Engagement in HIV Care Among Black Men

Qualitative Health Research
Katherine QuinnJeffrey A Kelly

Abstract

Syndemic theory seeks to understand the interactions and clustering of disease and social conditions and explain racial disparities in HIV. Traditionally applied to HIV risk, this study characterizes the syndemic challenges of engagement in care among Black men living with HIV and provides insight into potential HIV treatment interventions to retain vulnerable individuals in care. Interviews were conducted with 23 HIV-positive men who were either out-of-care or nonadherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded using MAXQDA qualitative software. Researchers analyzed data using thematic content analysis to identify syndemic factors associated with disengagement in care or suboptimal ART adherence among Black men. Analyses revealed the syndemic nature of four themes: intersectional stigma, depression, substance use, and poverty. Findings from this study offer numerous opportunities for intervention including social and structural-level interventions to address syndemic processes and the influence of stigma and poverty on engagement in care.

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Citations

Mar 29, 2019·Qualitative Health Research·Kimberly D Hudson, Meghan Romanelli
Sep 20, 2019·Community Mental Health Journal·Puneet Chawla SahotaFrances K Barg
Jun 20, 2020·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Katherine G Quinn, Dexter R Voisin
Jun 21, 2020·Addiction Science & Clinical Practice·Lacey CritchleyDaniel J Feaster
Mar 19, 2021·Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care·Lily Y GuLaRon E Nelson
Oct 14, 2021·Archives of Sexual Behavior·Michelle TetiLinda Liebenberg
Nov 11, 2021·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Ian W HollowayAyako M Ochoa

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