An interaction between fetal sex and placental weight and efficiency predicts intrauterine growth in response to maternal protein insufficiency and gestational exposure window in a mouse model of FASD.

Biology of Sex Differences
Sze Ting Cecilia KwanSusan Smith

Abstract

Individuals exposed to gestational stressors such as alcohol exhibit a spectrum of growth patterns, suggesting individualized responses to the stressors. We hypothesized that intrauterine growth responses to gestational alcohol are modified not only by the stressor's severity but by fetal sex and the placenta's adaptive capacity. Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 consumed a normal protein diet (18% protein by weight) and received 4.5 g alcohol/kg body weight (NP-Alc-8) or isocaloric maltodextrin (NP-MD-8) daily from embryonic day (E) 8.5-E17.5. Group 2 consumed the same diet but received alcohol (NP-Alc-13) or maltodextrin (NP-MD-13) daily from E13.5-E17.5. Group 3 consumed the same diet but containing a lower protein content (12% protein by weight) from E0.5 and also received alcohol (LP-Alc-8) or maltodextrin (LP-MD-8) daily from E8.5-E17.5. Maternal, placental, and fetal outcomes were assessed on E17.5 using 2-way ANOVA or mixed linear model. We found that intrauterine growth differed in the alcohol-exposed fetuses depending on sex and insult severity. Both NP-Alc-8 (vs. NP-MD-8) males and females had lower body weight and asymmetrical growth, but only NP-Alc-8 females had lower placental w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 29, 2021·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Sarah E SteaneKaren M Moritz
Aug 4, 2021·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Sarah E SteaneLisa K Akison
Oct 27, 2021·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Sze Ting Cecilia KwanSandra M Mooney

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

ggpubr
R
SPSS

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