An Intraoperative Surprise! A Rare Case Report of Primary Craniovertebral Junction Hydatid Disease Mimicking a Bony Tumor.

World Neurosurgery
Mariswamappa KiranKumar Shishir

Abstract

Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) hydatid disease, although rare, forms an important differential diagnosis of CVJ bony pathologies, especially in endemic areas due to the sheer volume of cases presented there. The authors report a rare case of CVJ hydatid disease mimicking a bony expansile tumor on imaging. A 21-year-old woman presented with a left-sided neck tilt and pain for 3 months, intermittent low-grade fever, and features of high cervical myelopathy (Nurick grade II). Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography imaging showed a solid enhancing mass with numerous small cystic areas with bony erosion of the basiocciput, C1 and C2 vertebrae, suggestive of an expansile bony lesion (osteoblastoma/giant cell tumor/aneurysmal bone cyst). She underwent a posterior approach for decompression and spinal fixation, and multiple clear grape-like cysts were encountered that were confirmed to be hydatid cysts on histopathology. All visible cysts were excised and instrumented fusion of the CVJ performed. Albendazole was continued for 6 weeks and at 3 months' follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic with no recurrence on imaging. The authors conclude that in tropical regions, hydatid disease of the cervical spine should be consid...Continue Reading

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