An introduction to parasitic wasps of Drosophila and the antiparasite immune response.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE
Chiyedza SmallShubha Govind

Abstract

Most known parasitoid wasp species attack the larval or pupal stages of Drosophila. While Trichopria drosophilae infect the pupal stages of the host (Fig. 1A-C), females of the genus Leptopilina (Fig. 1D, 1F, 1G) and Ganaspis (Fig. 1E) attack the larval stages. We use these parasites to study the molecular basis of a biological arms race. Parasitic wasps have tremendous value as biocontrol agents. Most of them carry virulence and other factors that modify host physiology and immunity. Analysis of Drosophila wasps is providing insights into how species-specific interactions shape the genetic structures of natural communities. These studies also serve as a model for understanding the hosts' immune physiology and how coordinated immune reactions are thwarted by this class of parasites. The larval/pupal cuticle serves as the first line of defense. The wasp ovipositor is a sharp needle-like structure that efficiently delivers eggs into the host hemocoel. Oviposition is followed by a wound healing reaction at the cuticle (Fig. 1C, arrowheads). Some wasps can insert two or more eggs into the same host, although the development of only one egg succeeds. Supernumerary eggs or developing larvae are eliminated by a process that is not yet...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 5, 2013·Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE·Michelle T JuarezWilliam McGinnis
Mar 29, 2020·G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics·Shagufta KhanRakesh K Mishra
Nov 5, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Yu-Hsien LinMichal Zurovec
May 21, 2017·Development·Chen U Zhang, Ken M Cadigan
Jun 10, 2021·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Ravi Kant YadavIndira Paddibhatla

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