An observational study of social exclusion under varied conditions: gender and developmental differences

Child Development
Marion K UnderwoodAlicia M Sexton

Abstract

To investigate social exclusion, 146 dyads of close friends (N = 292, ages 10, 12, and 14) were observed as they played a board game with a same-gender confederate actor, trained to be a difficult play partner. Verbalizations and gestures were coded for verbal and nonverbal social exclusion, verbal aggression, and verbal assertion. The results indicated few developmental differences. For verbal responses in the presence of the actor, boys were more socially exclusive and verbally aggressive than were girls. Girls engaged in more nonverbal social exclusion in the presence of the actor than did boys. Girls' socially exclusive behaviors were unrelated to other negative behaviors and more strongly related between friends in the actor's absence.

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Citations

Oct 16, 2008·Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review·Nicole Heilbron, Mitchell J Prinstein
Mar 21, 2012·The Journal of Genetic Psychology·Karmon D Dyches, Lara Mayeux
Jul 23, 2008·Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53·Jamie M OstrovAdam D Mullins
Oct 30, 2013·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Joyce F Benenson
Sep 7, 2006·Annual Review of Psychology·Vickie M MaysNamdi W Barnes
Jun 8, 2013·Journal of Youth and Adolescence·Cameron B RichardsonMelanie Killen
May 20, 2011·The British Journal of Developmental Psychology·Rosie EnsorClaire Hughes
Sep 16, 2016·Aggressive Behavior·Marlene J SandstromAntonius H N Cillessen

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