An Omics Approach to Extracellular Vesicles from HIV-1 Infected Cells

Cells
Robert A BarclayF Kashanchi

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), infecting nearly 37 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no definitive cure, mainly due to HIV-1's ability to enact latency. Our previous work has shown that exosomes, a small extracellular vesicle, from uninfected cells can activate HIV-1 in latent cells, leading to increased mostly short and some long HIV-1 RNA transcripts. This is consistent with the notion that none of the FDA-approved antiretroviral drugs used today in the clinic are transcription inhibitors. Furthermore, these HIV-1 transcripts can be packaged into exosomes and released from the infected cell. Here, we examined the differences in protein and nucleic acid content between exosomes from uninfected and HIV-1-infected cells. We found increased cyclin-dependent kinases, among other kinases, in exosomes from infected T-cells while other kinases were present in exosomes from infected monocytes. Additionally, we found a series of short antisense HIV-1 RNA from the 3' LTR that appears heavily mutated in exosomes from HIV-1-infected cells along with the presence of cellular noncoding RNAs and cellular miRNAs. Both physical and functional validations w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2020·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Claudio FeniziaMara Biasin
Aug 9, 2020·Frontiers in Genetics·Eren M Veziroglu, George I Mias
Dec 29, 2020·Journal of Extracellular Vesicles·Stephanie JungUlrike Protzer

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE102364

Methods Mentioned

BETA
pulldown
Illumina sequencing
RNA Seq
PCR
RNA-seq

Software Mentioned

ZetaView
Proteome Discoverer
Geneious R11
Cuffdiff
Geneious
Search Tool for the Retrieval of
Hisat2
Excel
STRING
StringTie

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