An overview of medical risk factors for childhood psychosis: Implications for research and treatment

Schizophrenia Research
Marianna GiannitelliClaudine Laurent-Levinson

Abstract

Psychotic disorders in childhood and early adolescence often progress to chronic schizophrenia, but in many cases there are diagnosable medical and genetic causes or risk factors. We reviewed our clinical experience and the relevant literature to identify these factors and to define their clinical features, appropriate work-up and treatment. We reviewed the results of comprehensive medical evaluations of 160 psychotic children and adolescents in our center. We also searched the Medline database (January 1994 to December 2015) with the following keywords and combinations: early onset schizophrenia, childhood onset schizophrenia, early onset psychosis, first episode psychosis, inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), genetic syndrome, copy number variants, autoimmune disorders, endocrine diseases, nutritional deficiencies, central nervous system infections, movement disorders, and epilepsy. In our center, 12.5% of cases had medical disorders likely to be contributing to psychosis. Based on 66 relevant papers and our experience, we describe the clinical features of multiple genetic syndromes, IEM, and autoimmune, neurological, endocrinological and nutritional disorders that increase the risk of psychotic disorders in childhood and adole...Continue Reading

Citations

May 8, 2018·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Nefeli AnagnostopoulouAnca Alba
Jul 29, 2018·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Marian StaalJohannes Nicolaas Maria Schieveld
Jul 22, 2020·Harvard Review of Psychiatry·Michele Poletti, Andrea Raballo
Oct 10, 2020·Pediatric Annals·Rachel Ballard, Marisa Perez-Reisler
Jun 11, 2021·PloS One·Jean-Luc KurukgyLaelia Benoit
Jul 10, 2021·Asian Journal of Psychiatry·Pei Ling Lim, Roselyne Shirley Pat Fong
Jul 17, 2021·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Olivier BonnotStefan Armin Kolb

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