PMID: 16634411Apr 26, 2006Paper

Anaesthesia defined (gentlemen, this is no humbug)

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
Edmond I Eger, James M Sonner

Abstract

Our charge was to define anaesthesia as produced by inhaled anaesthetics. A definition may be useful to an understanding of the anaesthetic state, and it may guide studies of the mechanisms by which anaesthesia is produced. All inhaled anaesthetics act on the central nervous system to produce two reversible conditions, immobility and amnesia, that define the anaesthetic state. No other reversible, clinically useful, conditions are essential to the definition. Some conditions are unmeasurable (unconsciousness), not present for all inhaled anaesthetics (relaxation), or are not present at anaesthetizing concentrations (suppression of autonomic reflexes.) One (analgesia) is unmeasurable (the anaesthetized patient cannot tell an investigator that he/she hurts or does not hurt), and surrogate measures (increases in breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate with surgery) suggest that some pain is perceived. These and myriad other changes produced by inhaled anaesthetics are side effects; they do not define anaesthesia; only immobility and amnesia supply such a definition.

References

Jul 1, 1992·Anesthesia and Analgesia·R DwyerN Peterson
Mar 1, 1987·Anesthesiology·T Katoh, K Ikeda
Jul 1, 1965·British Journal of Anaesthesia·B W Levinson
Feb 1, 1983·Anesthesia and Analgesia·N SaucierJ R Moreland
Jul 1, 1982·Anesthesia and Analgesia·T F HornbeinK H Smith
Aug 31, 2004·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Peter S SebelKaren B Domino

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Citations

Aug 5, 2010·British Journal of Anaesthesia·C IliesB Bein
Jun 6, 2009·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·Andrea Kopp LugliChristoph H Kindler
Sep 10, 2013·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology·Matthias Gruenewald, Christoph Ilies
Mar 30, 2010·Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række·Siv Cathrine Høymork
Mar 19, 2013·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Robert J Brosnan
Oct 18, 2015·British Journal of Anaesthesia·J Coddens
Oct 22, 2015·British Journal of Anaesthesia·R D SandersG Tononi
Oct 9, 2008·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·S C Høymork
Aug 25, 2007·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Liya YangJames M Sonner
Jul 18, 2008·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Jan F A HendrickxSteven L Shafer
Aug 5, 2009·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Ben Julian A PalancaMichael S Avidan
Sep 24, 2009·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Christopher D Kent, Karen B Domino
Dec 2, 2009·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Leon Serfontein
Mar 20, 2015·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Aaron E BarryMartin J London
Oct 28, 2019·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Borzoo Farhang, Donald M Mathews
Jul 15, 2020·Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing·Clément DubostPierre-Paul Vidal
Apr 30, 2009·Anaesthesia and Intensive Care·J W Sleigh
Sep 12, 2020·British Journal of Anaesthesia·Robert D SandersYuri B Saalmann
Apr 6, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Research·Ismael Hernández-AvalosCarlos Manuel Acevedo-Arcique
Aug 28, 2021·Life·Federico LinassiMichele Carron
Apr 14, 2017·British Journal of Anaesthesia·P RowleyR D Sanders

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