Analysis of a mathematical model for tumor therapy with a fusogenic oncolytic virus

Mathematical Biosciences
Karly Jacobsen, Sergei S Pilyugin

Abstract

Oncolytic virotherapy is a tumor treatment which uses viruses to selectively target and destroy cancer cells. Fusogenic viruses, capable of causing cell-to-cell fusion upon infection of a tumor cell, have shown promise in experimental studies. Fusion causes the formation of large, multinucleated syncytia which eventually leads to cell death. We formulate a partial differential equations model with a moving boundary to describe the treatment of a spherical tumor with a fusogenic oncolytic virus. Fusion, lysis, and budding are incorporated as mechanisms of viral spread, resulting in nonlocal integral terms. A proof is presented for existence and uniqueness of global solutions to the nonlinear hyperbolic-parabolic system. Numerical simulations demonstrate convergence to spatially homogeneous solutions and exponential growth or decay of the tumor radius depending on viral burst size and rate of fusion. Long-term tumor radius is shown to decrease with increasing values of viral burst size while the effect of the rate of fusion on tumor growth is demonstrated to be nonmonotonic.

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Citations

Aug 24, 2017·Viruses·Daniel N SantiagoHeiko Enderling
May 26, 2017·Journal of Biological Dynamics·Joseph MalinziPrecious Sibanda
May 9, 2021·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Benjamin Jessie, Hana M Dobrovolny

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