Analysis of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and their glucuronides in urine by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Robert KronstrandMartin Josefsson

Abstract

Buprenorphine is used for the treatment of chronic pain and also in treatment of heroin addiction as an alternative to methadone. As the availability of buprenorphine increases, so does the risk for abuse and the pressure on forensic and clinical laboratories to analyze for it. Buprenorphine and its dealkylated metabolite are excreted in urine, almost exclusively as glucuronides. The aim of the present study was to evaluate electrospray liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) for the rapid screening and quantitation of buprenorphine and its metabolites in urine. Three approaches were evaluated: (1) direct injection of diluted urine for measurement of glucuronides, (2) direct injection of diluted urine after enzymatic hydrolysis for the quantitation of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine, and (3) quantitation of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine after enzymatic hydrolysis and solid-phase extraction (SPE). One hundred six samples were subjected to procedure 1 and, when positive, further quantitated using procedure 2. Only samples with low analyte concentrations (< 20 microg/L) were subject to SPE. Concentrations of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine in patients (N = 16) ranged between 31 and 1080 microg/L and 48...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 28, 2012·Journal of Medical Toxicology : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology·Michael C Milone
Oct 8, 2013·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Karen J Regina, Evan D Kharasch
Mar 9, 2013·Journal of Analytical Toxicology·M A BirchR J Flanagan
Jan 6, 2016·Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis·Yongzhen LiuChristian Heidbreder
Mar 25, 2015·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·John D MarkmanTai C Kwong
Feb 11, 2011·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Tor SeldénRobert Kronstrand
Mar 9, 2010·The Veterinary Journal·Korbinian PieperAlessandra Bergadano
Aug 5, 2015·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·K EckartR Urban
May 9, 2012·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Tor SeldénRobert Kronstrand

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