Analysis of PEG oligomers in black gel inks: Discrimination and ink dating

Forensic Science International : Synergy
Qiran SunMin Shen

Abstract

Carbon-based black gel inks are common samples in forensic practice of questioned document examination in China, but there are few analytical methods for this type of ink. In this study, a liquid chromatography-.high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was established for the analysis of PEG oligomers in carbon-based black gel ink entries. The coupled instruments achieve both the identification and quantification of PEG oligomers in ink entries with reproducible results. Twenty carbon-based black gel inks, whose Raman spectra appeared identical, were analyzed using the LC-HRMS method. As a result, the twenty gel inks were classified into four groups according to the distribution of PEG oligomers. Artificially aging of PEG 400 and a gel ink showed that as PEG degraded, the relative amounts of low molecular weight PEG oligomers increased, while those of high molecular weight decreased. The degradation of PEG oligomers in a naturally aged gel ink was consistent with those in the artificially aged samples, but occurred more slowly. This study not only provided a new method for discriminating carbon-based black gel ink entries, but also offered a new approach for studying the relative ink dating of carbon-based black gel i...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 2, 2021·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Capitaine Marie Deviterne-Lapeyre
Feb 13, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Federica Banche-NiclotChiara Vitale-Brovarone
Jan 13, 2021·Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM·Luan Felipe Campos OliveiraJandyson Machado Santos

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