Analysis of the Variability in the Non-Coding Regions of Influenza A Viruses

Veterinary Sciences
Jessica BenkarounAndrew S Lang

Abstract

The genomes of influenza A viruses (IAVs) comprise eight negative-sense single-stranded RNA segments. In addition to the protein-coding region, each segment possesses 5' and 3' non-coding regions (NCR) that are important for transcription, replication and packaging. The NCRs contain both conserved and segment-specific sequences, and the impacts of variability in the NCRs are not completely understood. Full NCRs have been determined from some viruses, but a detailed analysis of potential variability in these regions among viruses from different host groups and locations has not been performed. To evaluate the degree of conservation in NCRs among different viruses, we sequenced the NCRs of IAVs isolated from different wild bird host groups (ducks, gulls and seabirds). We then extended our study to include NCRs available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Influenza Virus Database, which allowed us to analyze a wider variety of host species and more HA and NA subtypes. We found that the amount of variability within the NCRs varies among segments, with the greatest variation found in the HA and NA and the least in the M and NS segments. Overall, variability in NCR sequences was correlated with the coding r...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1978·Nucleic Acids Research·J J Skehel, A J Hay
Dec 1, 1992·The Journal of General Virology·B L Seong, G G Brownlee
Oct 5, 1990·Journal of Molecular Biology·S F AltschulD J Lipman
Nov 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M T HsuP Palese
Feb 1, 1994·Journal of Virology·X Li, P Palese
Jun 1, 1994·Journal of Virology·E FodorG G Brownlee
Feb 1, 1997·The Journal of General Virology·H J KimB L Seong
Jan 29, 2002·Archives of Virology·E HoffmannD R Perez
Oct 7, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Qinshan Gao, Peter Palese
Apr 26, 2011·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Yuki Furuse, Hitoshi Oshitani
Oct 17, 2012·PloS One·Ivy WidjajaCornelis A M de Haan
Oct 18, 2013·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Koichiro TamuraSudhir Kumar
Feb 28, 2017·Scientific Reports·Bernadette Crescenzo-ChaigneSylvie van der Werf

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 30, 2020·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Rute M PintoPaul Digard

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDS

Software Mentioned

MUSCLE
BLAST
MEGA
R
Geneious

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Attention Disorders

Attention is involved in all cognitive activities, and attention disorders are reported in patients with various neurological diseases. Here are the latest discoveries pertaining to attention disorders.

Bioinformatics in Biomedicine

Bioinformatics in biomedicine incorporates computer science, biology, chemistry, medicine, mathematics and statistics. Discover the latest research on bioinformatics in biomedicine here.