Anatomical basis of pronator teres for electromyography needle placement using ultrasonography

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
Myung Kyu ParkDong Hwee Kim

Abstract

To find the optimal needle insertion site for needle electromyography of the pronator teres (PT) muscle among commonly used sites. Fifty forearms of 25 healthy subjects were evaluated. Four expected needle insertion points were designated as follows. Point 0 was positioned at the midpoint between the medial epicondyle and medial border of biceps tendon in the elbow crease. Points 1, 2, and 3 were located 2 cm, 3.5 cm and 5 cm distal to point 0, respectively. We assumed that the thickness of PT and the distances between a vertical line from each point to the medial margin of the PT were significant parameters for finding the optimal site. Thus, we measured these parameters through ultrasonographic examination. In men, the PT was thickest at point 2, and in women, at point 1. The distance between the expected needle insertion line and medial margin of PT was longest at point 1 in both men and women, and was statistically significant compared to points 2 and 3. Both men and women had neurovascular bundles located lateral to the expected needle insertion line. The most appropriate and safe needle electromyographic insertional site for the PT is 2-3.5 cm distal to the mid-point between the biceps tendon and medial epicondyle in the ...Continue Reading

References

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May 25, 2013·Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine·Seung Min LeeHyun Seok Lee

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Citations

Jul 4, 2017·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Viviane CréteurStefano Bianchi
Jul 3, 2019·Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics·Raúl Ferrer-PeñaDaniel Muñoz-García
Sep 15, 2021·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·César Fernández-de-Las-PeñasAlbert Pérez-Bellmunt

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