Anatomical variation in the ankle and foot: from incidental finding to inductor of pathology. Part I: ankle and hindfoot

Insights Into Imaging
Maria Pilar Aparisi GómezAlberto Bazzocchi

Abstract

Accessory anatomical structures in the ankle and foot usually represent incidental imaging findings; however, they may also eventually represent a source of pathology, such as painful syndromes, degenerative changes, be the subject of overuse and trauma or appear as masses and cause compression syndromes or impingement.This review aims to describe and illustrate the imaging findings related to the presence of accessory ossicles and muscles in the ankle and hindfoot through different techniques, with special attention to those variants that associate factors of clinical relevance or that trigger challenges in the differential diagnosis.

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Citations

Nov 18, 2020·Foot & Ankle International·Ivan BojanićDamjan Dimnjaković
Feb 23, 2021·Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine·Eduard BezuglovNicola Maffulli
Aug 4, 2021·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Ocacir de Souza Reis SoaresJean-Louis Brasseur

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