PMID: 8581997Oct 1, 1995Paper

Anatomy and pathomechanics of shoulder instability

Clinics in Sports Medicine
K P Speer

Abstract

The mechanisms contributing to glenohumeral stability are complex and varied. The rotator cuff is the dominant contributor to stability through the mid arcs of motion through concavity compression. At the end ranges of motion, the capsular ligamentous system becomes responsible for shoulder stability. As the shoulder position varies from adduction to abduction and internal to external rotation, varying components of the capsular ligamentous system become responsible for static shoulder stability. The nature of the individual ligament contribution to overall static stability has become better known through biomechanical cutting studies of cadaveric shoulders. Further insight into the pathoanatomy of shoulder instability can be gleaned from MR imaging studies that defined which tissues have been injured and which have not. This more detailed understanding of the capsular ligamentous system will eventually result in a more precise nomenclature of defining shoulder instability. The current use of the words anterior shoulder instability is not unlike the use of the term internal derangement of the knee from the late 1970s. In the future, there will be discussions of clinical diagnoses of IGHLC injury or incompetence. The more precis...Continue Reading

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.