Ancient genome duplications did not structure the human Hox-bearing chromosomes

Genome Research
A L HughesR Friedman

Abstract

The fact that there are four homeobox (Hox) clusters in most vertebrates but only one in invertebrates is often cited as evidence for the hypothesis that two rounds of genome duplication by polyploidization occurred early in vertebrate history. In addition, it has been observed in humans and other mammals that numerous gene families include paralogs on two or more of the four Hox-bearing chromosomes (the chromosomes bearing the Hox clusters; i.e., human chromosomes 2, 7, 12, and 17), and the existence of these paralogs has been taken as evidence that these genes were duplicated along with the Hox clusters by polyploidization. We tested this hypothesis by phylogenetic analysis of 42 gene families including members on two or more of the human Hox-bearing chromosomes. In 32 of these families there was evidence against the hypothesis that gene duplication occurred simultaneously with duplication of the Hox clusters. Phylogenies of 14 families supported the occurrence of one or more gene duplications before the origin of vertebrates, and of 15 gene duplication times estimated for gene families evolving in a clock-like manner, only six were dated to the same time period early in vertebrate history during which the Hox clusters duplic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 3, 2001·Genome Research·R Friedman, A L Hughes
Dec 4, 2001·Genome Research·N HukriedeM Ekker
Feb 6, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Klaas VandepoeleYves Van de Peer
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Jul 17, 2008·Comparative and Functional Genomics·Melody S Clark
Dec 17, 2008·Biology Direct·Amir Ali Abbasi
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