Anemia and malaria at different altitudes in the western highlands of Kenya

Acta Tropica
Willis S AkhwaleTakatoshi Kobayakawa

Abstract

Malaria associated severe anemia in children is the most important complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection in sub-Saharan Africa. To evaluate anemia and malaria in an area with recurrent malaria epidemics in the western highlands of Kenya, we conducted cross-sectional surveys in four "lowland" (1440-1660 m) and two "highland" (1960 and 2040 m) villages in 2002. Among 1314 subjects randomly selected from all age groups, the overall prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin, Hb < 11 g/dl) was 14% and P. falciparum infection 17%. In children < or =5 years, anemia prevalence ranged from 57% at 1440 m to 11% at 2040 m and correlated with altitude (r = -0.88, P < 0.05). Similarly, P. falciparum prevalence ranged from 31 to 0% and correlated with altitude (r = -0.93, P < 0.01). Malnutrition defined by a body mass index <15th percentile characterized 39% of the population and the hookworm prevalence was 3.9%. In the lowland villages, anemia was most common in children < or =5 years of age (34%) followed by women of childbearing age (16%). A similar pattern was also observed in the highland villages. In these vulnerable populations, hemoglobin concentration was significantly associated with malaria infection, but not with malnutrition or...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 17, 2005·Acta Tropica·Anders Björkman, Achuyt Bhattarai
Apr 18, 2013·Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine·Kwabena Obeng DueduTheophilus Adiku
Nov 5, 2011·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Gregory S NolandChandy C John
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Dec 22, 2009·International Journal of Health Geographics·Li LiGuiyun Yan
May 4, 2010·BMC Research Notes·Ebako N TakemPeter M Ndumbe
May 26, 2012·PloS One·Guilhem RascalouSébastien Gourbière
Oct 7, 2011·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Mary J HamelKayla F Laserson
Mar 6, 2013·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Fabian M MashauriLeonard E G Mboera
Aug 15, 2006·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·C J M KoenraadtW Takken
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Sep 9, 2011·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Juan Pablo QuinteroSócrates Herrera Valencia
Jul 25, 2019·PloS One·Aaron Kobina ChristianAndrew D Jones

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