Angiotensin-(1-7): A Novel Peptide to Treat Hypertension and Nephropathy in Diabetes?

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism
Ranjit Singh PaddaJohn S D Chan

Abstract

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in mammalian homeostasis physiology. The RAS can be delineated into a classical RAS (the pressor arm) including angiotensinogen (Agt), renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), and a counterbalancing novel RAS (the depressor arm) including Agt, renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang 1-7) and Ang 1-7 receptor (or Mas receptor (MasR)). Hyperglycemia (diabetes) induces severe tissue oxidative stress, which stimulates the pressor arm of the renal RAS axis and leads to an increase in ACE/ACE-2 ratio, with excessive formation of Ang II. There is a growing body of evidence for beneficial effects of the depressor arm of RAS (ACE-2/Ang 1-7/MasR) axis in diabetes, hypertension and several other diseased conditions. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies reflects anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Ang 1-7. Most of the currently available therapies only target suppression of the pressor arm of RAS with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and ACE inhibitors (ACEi). However, it is time to consider simultaneous activation of the depressor arm for ...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 21, 2017·Current Hypertension Reports·Silas CulverHelmy M Siragy
Sep 29, 2017·Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy·Corey MageeDerek P Brazil
Apr 9, 2020·International Journal of Clinical Practice·Richard Albert Stein
Jun 7, 2020·Cancers·Maria Joana CatarataRui Medeiros
May 20, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Daiji KawanamiKazunori Utsunomiya
Apr 23, 2021·Cell and Tissue Research·Veena UnnikrishnanJacob C Thundathil

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