PMID: 16501652Feb 28, 2006Paper

Animal experimentation

Science and Engineering Ethics
Roman Kolar

Abstract

Millions of animals are used every year in often times extremely painful and distressing scientific procedures. Legislation of animal experimentation in modern societies is based on the supposition that this is ethically acceptable when certain more or less defined formal (e.g. logistical, technical) demands and ethical principles are met. The main parameters in this context correspond to the "3Rs" concept as defined by Russel and Burch in 1959, i.e. that all efforts to replace, reduce and refine experiments must be undertaken. The licensing of animal experiments normally requires an ethical evaluation process, often times undertaken by ethics committees. The serious problems in putting this idea into practice include inter alia unclear conditions and standards for ethical decisions, insufficient management of experiments undertaken for specific (e.g. regulatory) purposes, and conflicts of interest of ethics committees' members. There is an ongoing societal debate about ethical issues of animal use in science. Existing EU legislation on animal experimentation for cosmetics testing is an example of both the public will for setting clear limits to animal experiments and the need to further critically examine other fields and aspe...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1971·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·C S Weil, R A Scala

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Citations

May 28, 2011·Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews·James Oliver SmithRichard O C Oreffo
Nov 18, 2010·Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR·Jennifer Horner, Fred D Minifie
May 3, 2018·Science and Engineering Ethics·Calvin Gerald Mole, Marise Heyns
Jul 30, 2008·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Constance L L SawCeline V Liew
Feb 3, 2018·Accountability in Research·Angelina Patrick OlesenZurina Mahadi
Dec 20, 2013·Pharmaceutics·Hiroaki TodoKenji Sugibayashi

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