Animal models in myopia research

Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association
Frank Schaeffel, Marita P Feldkaemper

Abstract

Our current understanding of the development of refractive errors, in particular myopia, would be substantially limited had Wiesel and Raviola not discovered by accident that monkeys develop axial myopia as a result of deprivation of form vision. Similarly, if Josh Wallman and colleagues had not found that simple plastic goggles attached to the chicken eye generate large amounts of myopia, the chicken model would perhaps not have become such an important animal model. Contrary to previous assumptions about the mechanisms of myopia, these animal models suggested that eye growth is visually controlled locally by the retina, that an afferent connection to the brain is not essential and that emmetropisation uses more sophisticated cues than just the magnitude of retinal blur. While animal models have shown that the retina can determine the sign of defocus, the underlying mechanism is still not entirely clear. Animal models have also provided knowledge about the biochemical nature of the signal cascade converting the output of retinal image processing to changes in choroidal thickness and scleral growth; however, a critical question was, and still is, can the results from animal models be applied to myopia in children? While the bas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 12, 2016·Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·F Schaeffel
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Apr 3, 2019·PloS One·Miguel García GarcíaArne Ohlendorf
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