Anodal block permits directional vagus nerve stimulation.

Scientific Reports
Umair AhmedStavros Zanos

Abstract

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a bioelectronic therapy for disorders of the brain and peripheral organs, and a tool to study the physiology of autonomic circuits. Selective activation of afferent or efferent vagal fibers can maximize efficacy and minimize off-target effects of VNS. Anodal block (ABL) has been used to achieve directional fiber activation in nerve stimulation. However, evidence for directional VNS with ABL has been scarce and inconsistent, and it is unknown whether ABL permits directional fiber activation with respect to functional effects of VNS. Through a series of vagotomies, we established physiological markers for afferent and efferent fiber activation by VNS: stimulus-elicited change in breathing rate (ΔBR) and heart rate (ΔHR), respectively. Bipolar VNS trains of both polarities elicited mixed ΔHR and ΔBR responses. Cathode cephalad polarity caused an afferent pattern of responses (relatively stronger ΔBR) whereas cathode caudad caused an efferent pattern (stronger ΔHR). Additionally, left VNS elicited a greater afferent and right VNS a greater efferent response. By analyzing stimulus-evoked compound nerve potentials, we confirmed that such polarity differences in functional responses to VNS can be expla...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 24, 2021·Bioelectronic Medicine·Eric H Chang
Feb 17, 2021·Journal of Neural Engineering·Marina CracchioloSilvestro Micera
Jun 11, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Adam FitchettKirill Aristovich

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Software Mentioned

Intan Stimulation / Recording controller
Stimulus II
LabChart
MATLAB
MC

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