Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) in four calves

Veterinary Pathology
A M ShankJ G Janes

Abstract

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), or Bland-White-Garland syndrome, is a rare congenital malformation described in children and adults. In this condition, the left coronary artery, which normally originates from the left coronary sinus in the aorta, instead originates from the pulmonary trunk, which results in retrograde flow of blood away from the myocardium into the lower-pressure pulmonary artery. Myocardial hypoxic-ischemic injury results in cardiac dysfunction, failure, and eventually in patient death if not surgically repaired. This report describes gross and microscopic findings in 4 beef calves with ALCAPA. All the calves had a history of being found dead with few or no premonitory signs, 2 shortly after sudden strenuous exercise. Gross necropsy lesions suggestive of heart failure included cardiomegaly with atrial and ventricular dilation and/or ventricular hypertrophy, and hepatomegaly. Dissection of each heart revealed the origin of the left coronary artery arising in the pulmonary trunk above the anterior cusp of the pulmonic valve. No degeneration; mineralization; and fiber loss, with replacement by fibrous connective tissue, predominantly in the left ventricular papilla...Continue Reading

References

Mar 4, 1972·The Veterinary Record·S M Dennis, M R Gardiner
Sep 8, 1965·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·E W Fisher, H M Pirie
Aug 1, 1980·Circulation·B J MaronS E Epstein
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Feb 14, 1998·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·T P SinghW R Morrow

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Citations

Sep 24, 2014·International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology·Paola SerioLorenzo Mirabile
May 18, 2011·Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance·Aurelio SecinaroAndrew M Taylor
Sep 29, 2015·Texas Heart Institute Journal·Moises Rodriguez-GonzalezJose Santos de Soto
Oct 24, 2017·Veterinary Sciences·Brian A Scansen
Jul 10, 2021·The Veterinary Record·Michael MillarBen Strugnell

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy

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