Anorexia nervosa and heart disease: a systematic review

Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD
Stefano GiovinazzoC Brunelli

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that most frequently afflicts females in adolescence. In these subjects, cardiovascular complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Aim of this review is to analyze the hemodynamic, pro-arrhythmic and structural changes occurring during all phases of this illness, including re-feeding. A systematic literature search was performed on studies in the MEDLINE database, from its inception until September 2017, with PUBMED interface focusing on AN and cardiovascular disease. This review demonstrated that the most common cardiac abnormalities in AN are bradycardia and QT interval prolongation, which may occasionally degenerate into ventricular arrhythmias such as Torsades des Pointes or ventricular fibrillation. As these arrhythmias may be the substrate of sudden cardiac death (SCD), they require cardiac monitoring in hospital. In addition, reduced cardiac mass, with smaller volumes and decreased cardiac output, may be found. Furthermore, mitral prolapse and a mild pericardial effusion may occur, the latter due to protein deficiency and low levels of thyroid hormone. In anorectic patients, some cases of hypercholesterolemia may be present; however, conclusive evidence that A...Continue Reading

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Jun 5, 2019·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Ingrid TonhajzerovaMichal Mestanik
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Jan 18, 2022·European Eating Disorders Review : the Journal of the Eating Disorders Association·Philibert DuriezPhilip Gorwood

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