Antagonism of BMP signaling is insufficient to induce fibrous differentiation in primary sclerotome

Experimental Cell Research
Ga I BanRosa Serra

Abstract

Sclerotome is the embryonic progenitor of the axial skeleton. It was previously shown that Tgfbr2 is required in sclerotome for differentiation of fibrous skeletal tissues including the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc. Alternatively, BMP signaling is required to form the vertebral body through chondrogenesis. In addition, TGFβ added to sclerotome cultures induces expression of markers for fibrous tissue differentiation but not cartilage or bone. The mechanism of how TGFβ signaling regulates this lineage decision in sclerotome is not known and could be due to the production of instructive or inhibitory signals or a combination of the two. Here we show that TGFβ antagonizes BMP/ Smad1/5 signaling in primary sclerotome likely through regulation of Noggin, an extracellular BMP antagonist, to prevent chondrogenesis. We then tested whether inhibition of BMP signaling, and inhibition of chondrogenesis, is sufficient to push cells toward the fibrous cell fate. While Noggin inhibited BMP/ Smad1/5 signaling and the formation of chondrogenic nodules in sclerotome cultures; Noggin and inhibition of BMP signaling through Gremlin or DMH2 were insufficient to induce fibrous tissue differentiation. The results suggest inhibition of...Continue Reading

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