Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone in oncology

Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
A V Schally, J L Varga

Abstract

The development of antagonists of growth hormone (GH) - releasing hormone (GH-RH) is reviewed. GH-RH antagonists bind with a high affinity to pituitary receptors for GH-RH and inhibit the release of GH in vitro and in vivo. The main applications of GH-RH antagonists would be for tumor therapy. The antitumor effects of GH-RH antagonists are exerted in part indirectly through the inhibition of the secretion of pituitary GH and the reduction in the levels of hepatic insulin like growth factor (IGF-I). However, principal effects of the GH-RH antagonists are exerted directly on tumors. Antagonists of GH-RH inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cell lines in vitro and suppress in vivo the levels and the expression of mRNA for IGF-I and IGF-II in tumors. In many human cancers, the effects of GH-RH antagonists appear to be due to the blockade of the action of tumoral GH-RH. GH-RH ligand is present in various human cancers indicating that it may be an autocrine/paracrine growth factor. Splice variants (SVs) of GH-RH receptors and pituitary type of GH-RH receptors that might mediate effects of tumoral GH-RH and of GH-RH antagonists were demonstrated in many human cancers. This suggests the presence of a stimulatory loop based on GH...Continue Reading

Citations

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