PMID: 9186207Jun 1, 1997Paper

Anterior release test. A new test for occult shoulder instability

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
M L Gross, M C Distefano

Abstract

Occult shoulder instability is recognized as a significant contributor to shoulder dysfunction in throwing athletes. Diagnosis of occult instability by physical examination remains challenging. The anterior release test is a test for physical examination of the shoulder. It was developed to facilitate detection of occult anterior instability. One hundred shoulders were examined preoperatively by the same examiner. Based on surgical findings, the shoulders were classified as anterior instability or other. The results of examination were compared with the operative findings. Sensitivity was calculated as 91.9%, specificity 88.9%, positive predictive value 87.1%, negative predictive value 93.0%, and accuracy 90.2%. The anterior release test is a reliable and reproducible test for the detection of the unstable shoulder.

References

Nov 1, 1987·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·W P GarthW S Armstrong
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Citations

Aug 2, 2000·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·K Meister
Feb 12, 2005·Der Orthopäde·M Scheibel, P Habermeyer
May 2, 2013·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Nigel C A HanchardYemisi Takwoingi
Oct 25, 2013·Radiology·Jenny T BencardinoWilliam E Palmer
Nov 26, 2009·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·Xiaofeng JiaEdward G McFarland
Apr 18, 2012·The Physician and Sportsmedicine·Oladapo M BabatundeWilliam N Levine
Oct 19, 2017·Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine·Vincent A LizzioEric C Makhni
Jul 5, 2006·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·Adam J FarberEdward G McFarland
May 2, 2007·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Gail D Deyle, Kathryn L Nagel
Feb 15, 2018·Sports Health·Eric J CotterBernard R Bach
May 14, 2014·Der Orthopäde·M BrkicA Meurer
Oct 1, 2014·Shoulder & Elbow·Magnus Arnander, Duncan Tennent

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