Anti-GAD antibodies in Chinese patients with youth and adult-onset IDDM and NIDDM

Diabetologia
A C ThaiJ S Cheah

Abstract

An autoimmune basis for the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is supported by the frequent presence of autoantibodies - islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and GAD antibodies (GADab). However, in Chinese patients with clinical IDDM, a low prevalence of ICAs was observed. In non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients, it has been suggested that the presence of GADab may identify a subset of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). We determined the frequency of GADab in a large group of 134 IDDM and 168 NIDDM Chinese patients, and assessed the relation with ICAs status. Results showed that 39.6% IDDM and 16.1% NIDDM patients had GADab, and 20.1% and 4.8%, respectively had detectable ICAs. Frequency of GADab positivity was not influenced by whether the patients had youth or adult-onset IDDM or NIDDM, or by duration of diabetes. NIDDM patients seropositive for GADab shared similar clinical characteristics and fasting C-peptide levels with those who were GADab negative. Presence of GADab therefore did not serve to identify a subgroup of patients with latent or slow-onset IDDM. Half (53%) of our IDDM patients had neither GADab nor ICAs. The reason for this observation is unclear. One theory is that other a...Continue Reading

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