Anti-HIV activity of dextran sulphate as determined under different experimental conditions.

Antiviral Research
H NakashimaN Yamamoto

Abstract

Dextran sulphate is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Its anti-HIV-1 activity has been investigated under varying experimental conditions. MT-4 cells were infected with HIV-1 at different multiplicities of infection (MOI), and treated with either dextran sulphate, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT), or anti-HIV-1 serum obtained from an ARC patient. Dextran sulphate suppressed HIV-1 replication (as monitored by viral antigen expression) when the MOI was 0.01 or 0.1. It was ineffective at an MOI of 1.0. The anti-HIV-1 serum was only partially effective at an MOI of 0.01 and ineffective at an MOI of 0.1 or 1.0. AZT proved effective at all three MOIs. Co-cultures of uninfected and HIV-1-infected MT-4 cells were protected against destruction by dextran sulphate at a concentration of 10 and 100 micrograms/ml. To fully suppress viral antigen expression a concentration of 100 micrograms/ml was needed. When used at this concentration, a 1-h contact of dextran sulphate with the cells during the virus adsorption period sufficed to suppress HIV-1 antigen expression. In this sense, dextran sulphate behaved like the anti-HIV-1 serum. Dextran sulphate also behaved like OKT-4A in that they both...Continue Reading

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