PMID: 26771699Jan 16, 2016Paper

Anti-N-methyl-D aspartate receptor encephalitis - guideline to the challenges of diagnosis and therapy

Psychiatria Hungarica : A Magyar Pszichiátriai Társaság tudományos folyóirata
Lídia HauTamás Tényi

Abstract

Anti-N-methyl-D-Aspartate encephalitis is a recently diagnosed autoimmune disorder with increasing significance. During this disease antibodies are produced against the subunit of the NMDA receptor, which cause different symptoms, both psychiatric and neurological. The aim of this publication is to introduce this disease, to facilitate the diagnosis and to recommend therapeutical guideline. In this review we summarized the relevant literature published between 2007 and 2015 giving emphasis on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. In the etiology an underlying tumor or a viral agent should be considered. During the disease we can discern 3 periods: first prodromal viral infections-like symptoms can be seen, 1-2 weeks later psychiatric symptoms, such as aggression, sleep and behavior disturbances appear. After that neurological symptoms (tonic-clonic convulsions, aphasia, catatonia, orofacial dyskinesia, autonom lability, altered mental state) are typical, and the patient's condition deteriorates. For the correct diagnosis it is necessary to detect antibodies against the NMDA receptor from the serum and the liquor. Steroids, immunoglobulins and plasmaheresis are the first-line therapies. If...Continue Reading

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Antivirals

Antivirals are medications that are used specifically for treating viral infections. Discover the latest research on antivirals here.

Antivirals (ASM)

Antivirals are medications that are used specifically for treating viral infections. Discover the latest research on antivirals here.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a form of of brain inflammation due to antibodies against NMDA receptors. Discover the latest research on anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis here.

Catatonia

Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome with motor and behavioral symptoms, and can occur in both patients with or without psychiatric illness. Discover the latest research on Catatonia here.

Aphasia

Aphasia affects the ability to process language, including formulation and comprehension of language and speech, as well as the ability to read or write. Here is the latest research on aphasia.

© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved