Anti-theft device staining on banknotes detected by mass spectrometry imaging

Forensic Science International : Synergy
Deleon N CorreaPedro Henrique Vendramini

Abstract

We describe the identification and limits of detection of ink staining by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), as used in anti-theft devices (ATDs). Such ink staining is applied to banknotes during automated teller machine (ATM) explosions. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) coupled with high-resolution and high-accuracy orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) and a moving stage device were applied to obtain 2D molecular images of the major dyes used for staining, that is, 1-methylaminoanthraquinone (MAAQ), rhodamine B (RB) and rhodamine 6G (R6G). MAAQ could not be detected because of its inefficient desorption by DESI from the banknote cellulose surface. By contrast, ATD staining on banknotes is perceptible by the human naked eye only at concentrations higher than 0.2 μg cm(-2), whereas both RB and R6G at concentrations 200 times lower (as low as 0.001 μg cm(-2)) could be easily detected and imaged by DESI-MSI, with selective and specific identification of each analyte and their spatial distribution on samples from suspects. This technique is non-destructive, and no sample preparation is required, which ensures sample preservation for further forensic investigations.

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Citations

Apr 27, 2018·Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM·Consuelo J PerezDemian R Ifa
Dec 10, 2019·GigaScience·Melanie Christine FöllOliver Schilling
Dec 18, 2020·Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira·Matheus F Soares MingoteGeovanni D Cassali
Jun 11, 2021·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Margot De SmetBram Bekaert

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