Antibacterial action of ciprofloxacin.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
D J MasonV A Gant

Abstract

The mechanisms by which quinolones rapidly kill are ill defined. We have investigated the action of ciprofloxacin on Escherichia coli KL16 with a combination of traditional and flow cytometric methods and have analyzed cells for changes in membrane potential, membrane integrity, oxidative metabolism, morphology, and viability. Log-phase cultures were exposed to various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 times the MIC) of ciprofloxacin and analyzed at regular intervals over 120 min. We also measured protein synthesis in the related strain PQ37 cultured under the same conditions over 300 min, using a colorimetric assay for beta-galactosidase release. Despite a 3-log order decrease in CFU after 60-min exposure to 10 and 100 times the MIC of ciprofloxacin, there was no equivalent decrease in bacterial numbers as determined by both light microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, while these bacteria showed concentration-dependent morphological changes, most were capable not only of excluding the fluorescent nucleic acid-binding dye propidium iodide, but also of reducing the tetrazolium dye cyanoditodyl tetrazolium chloride. Over 90% of the bacteria maintained a membrane potential [as determined by exclusion of bis-[1,3-dibutylbar...Continue Reading

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