Antibacterial mechanisms of the urinary bladder

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
C W NordenE H Kass

Abstract

THE DISAPPEARANCE OF BACTERIA FROM THE NORMAL URINARY BLADDER IS APPARENTLY A FUNCTION OF TWO HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS: the mechanical clearance of organisms by voiding, and the antibacterial activity of the bladder wall. This study quantified the relative contribution of each of these mechanisms to the resistance of the bladder to bacterial infection.(32)Phosphorus-labeled E. coli. S. aureus, and P. mirabilis were each injected into the urinary bladders of unanesthetized female guinea pigs. At intervals after voiding, the bladders were removed, washed, homogenized, and assayed for residual radioactivity and viable bacteria. Mechanical clearance was measured by the changes in total radioactive count. Antibacterial activity was quantified by comparing the bacterial to radioactive ratios of the original bacterial inoculum with similar ratios in the bladder homogenates. More than 99.9% of the bladder inoculum was rapidly excreted and about 0.1% (10(4)-10(5)) organisms remained attached to the bladder wall. Of those E. coli attached to the bladder, rapid sequential reduction in viability occurred and reached a level of 85% loss at 30 min after inoculation. 4 hr after challenge, less than 10% of those organisms still attached to the ...Continue Reading

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