Antibiotic treatment of acute respiratory infections in acute care settings

Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Ralph GonzalesIMPAACT Trial Investigators

Abstract

To examine the patterns of antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) in acute care settings. Chart reviews were performed retrospectively on a random sample of adult ARI visits to seven Veterans Affairs (VA) and seven non-VA emergency departments (EDs) for the period of November 2003 to February 2004. Visits were limited to those discharged to home and those with primary diagnoses of antibiotic-responsive (pneumonia, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis) and antibiotic-nonresponsive conditions (acute bronchitis, nonspecific upper respiratory tract infection [URI]). Results are expressed as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Of 2,270 ARI visits, 62% were for antibiotic-nonresponsive diagnoses. Seventy-two percent of acute bronchitis and 38% of URI visits were treated with antibiotics (p < 0.001). Stratified analyses show that antibiotic prescription rates were similar among attending-only and housestaff-associated visits for antibiotic-responsive diagnoses (p = 0.11), and acute bronchitis (76% vs. 59%; p = 0.31). However, the antibiotic prescription rate for URIs was greater for attending-only visits compared with housestaff-associated visits (48% vs. 15%; p = 0.01)...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

Citations

Jul 11, 2006·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·Jesse M PinesJudd E Hollander
May 2, 2007·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·Jesse M PinesJoshua P Metlay
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May 19, 2007·Annals of Emergency Medicine·Joshua P MetlayUNKNOWN IMPAACT Investigators
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Jul 17, 2016·Journal of General Internal Medicine·Claire O'HanlonCourtney Gidengil
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Feb 14, 2007·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·Stefan G VanderweilCarlos A Camargo
Feb 28, 2020·BMC Infectious Diseases·Valerie J MorleyErina L MacGeorge
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