Antibody Feedback Limits the Expansion of B Cell Responses to Malaria Vaccination but Drives Diversification of the Humoral Response.

Cell Host & Microbe
Hayley A McNamaraIan A Cockburn

Abstract

Generating sufficient antibody to block infection is a key challenge for vaccines against malaria. Here, we show that antibody titers to a key target, the repeat region of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), plateaued after two immunizations in a clinical trial of the radiation-attenuated sporozoite vaccine. To understand the mechanisms limiting vaccine responsiveness, we developed immunoglobulin (Ig)-knockin mice with elevated numbers of PfCSP-binding B cells. We determined that recall responses were inhibited by antibody feedback, potentially via epitope masking of the immunodominant PfCSP repeat region. Importantly, the amount of antibody that prevents boosting is below the amount of antibody required for protection. Finally, while antibody feedback limited responses to the PfCSP repeat region in vaccinated volunteers, potentially protective subdominant responses to PfCSP C-terminal regions expanded with subsequent boosts. These data suggest that antibody feedback drives the diversification of immune responses and that vaccination for malaria will require targeting multiple antigens.

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Citations

Nov 6, 2020·Immunology and Cell Biology·Liriye KurtovicJames G Beeson
Feb 9, 2021·Expert Review of Vaccines·Deepyan Chatterjee, Ian Andrew Cockburn
Dec 12, 2020·Science·Jenna J Guthmiller, Patrick C Wilson
Mar 9, 2021·Microbes and Infection·Kai J RogersNoah S Butler
Mar 5, 2021·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Brigette BoastAnselm Enders
Oct 15, 2020·Immunity·Matthew K Higgins
Oct 9, 2020·Cell Host & Microbe·Camila H Coelho, Patrick E Duffy

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