PMID: 11911937Mar 26, 2002Paper

Anticipation of a non-aversive reaction time task facilitates the blink startle reflex

Biological Psychology
Ottmar V Lipp

Abstract

The conditions under which blink startle facilitation can be found in anticipation of a reaction time task were investigated to resolve inconsistent findings across previous studies. Four groups of participants (n=64) were presented with two visual stimuli, one predicting a reaction time task (S+) and the second presented alone (S-). Participants were asked to make a speeded response to the offset of the S+ (S1 paradigm) or were asked to respond to a tactile stimulus presented at the offset of the S+ (S1-S2 paradigm). Half of the participants in each paradigm condition received performance feedback. Overall, blink latency shortening and magnitude facilitation were larger during S+ than during S-. More detailed analyses, however, found these differences to be reliable only in the Feedback conditions. Ratings of S+ pleasantness did not change across the experiment. Electrodermal responses to S+ were larger than to S- in all groups with differential electrodermal responding emerging earlier in the S1 paradigm. Taken together, the data support the notion that startle facilitation can occur during non-aversive Pavlovian conditioning.

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Citations

Aug 6, 2004·Biological Psychology·Koen B E BöckerMarinus N Verbaten
Oct 8, 2009·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Andrea R AdamOttmar V Lipp
Nov 10, 2005·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Ottmar V Lipp
Sep 15, 2010·Physiology & Behavior·Nafissa IsmailJames G Pfaus

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