Anticoagulant activity in salivary glands of the insect vector Culicoides variipennis sonorensis by an inhibitor of factor Xa

Experimental Parasitology
A A Perez de LeonW J Tabachnick

Abstract

Blood feeding by the insect vector Culicoides variipennis sonorensis involves laceration of superficial host tissues, an injury that would be expected to trigger the coagulation cascade. Accordingly, the salivary glands of C.v. sonorensis were examined for the presence of an antihemostatic that prevents blood coagulation. Assays using salivary gland extracts showed a delay in the recalcification time of plasma devoid of platelets, indicating the presence of anticoagulant activity. Retardation in the formation of a fibrin clot was also observed after the addition of tissue factor to plasma that was preincubated with salivary gland extracts. Similarly, an inhibitory effect by salivary gland extracts was detected in assays that included factors of the intrinsic pathway. Inhibition of the catalytic activity of purified factor Xa toward its chromogenic substrate suggested that it was the target of the salivary anticoagulant of C.v. sonorensis. This was corroborated by the coincidence of anticoagulant and anti-FXa activities obtained by reverse-phase HPLC. The depletion of anti-FXa activity from salivary glands during blood feeding suggests that the FXa inhibitor functions as anticoagulant. Molecular sieving HPLC yielded an apparent ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2009·Journal of Proteome Research·John F AndersenJosé M C Ribeiro
Sep 24, 2002·Medical and Veterinary Entomology·M KazimírováP A Nuttall
Sep 17, 2013·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Natalia Cadaxo RochaelLucia Helena Pinto-da-Silva
Apr 13, 2007·Journal of Medical Entomology·Kathrin F A LangnerIrene Greiser-Wilke
Feb 13, 2003·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·D O'TooleW Tabachnick
Dec 20, 2008·Veterinary Research·Anthony WilsonPeter Paul Clement Mertens
Sep 13, 2002·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Jesus G Valenzuela

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